[{"id":246,"date":"2026-04-03T09:00:24","date_gmt":"2026-04-03T13:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/?p=246"},"modified":"2026-04-03T09:00:26","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T13:00:26","slug":"finding-the-rhythm-of-your-online-course","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2026\/04\/03\/finding-the-rhythm-of-your-online-course\/","title":{"rendered":"Finding the Rhythm of your Online Course"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>When faculty think about course design, they naturally focus first on content: readings, lectures, discussions, and assignments. These are, of course, the foundation of any learning experience. However, the underlying course structure is a sometimes neglected but deeply important consideration as well. Before students can engage meaningfully with ideas, they have to understand how the course even <em>works<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It can be helpful to frame this underlying structure as the \u201crhythm\u201d of your course.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A course\u2019s rhythm is the predictable pattern students come to recognize as they move from week to week or module to module. It is the flow of learning they begin to trust: where to start, what to do next, when to participate, where to submit work, and how to prepare for what\u2019s coming. In online education, that kind of predictability matters because the course itself has to do much more of the orienting work. Students cannot rely as much on in-person reminders, classroom routines, or quick conversations with classmates to stay on track. A clear, predictable module structure gives students a learning path to follow (Johnson, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why Rhythm Matters<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A well-designed course helps students spend their energy on <em>learning<\/em> rather than on navigation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When a course lacks rhythm, students may find themselves asking questions that have little to do with the content itself: Where do I start this week? Is the discussion due before or after the quiz? Why is this module organized differently from the last one? These moments of uncertainty may seem small, but they create friction that can chip away at a student\u2019s confidence.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By contrast, rhythm creates stability. Students begin to recognize the flow of the course and plan around it. For example, after completing a few weeks in a course, they might come to understand that each module opens with an overview, includes materials and activities in a familiar order, and ends with a reflective assignment. Because the structure is predictable, they feel confident in what they need to do and are supposed to learn. This clear course organization makes it easier for students to complete work successfully (University at Buffalo, n.d.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Rhythm Reduces Unnecessary Cognitive Load<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Establishing a rhythm in a course also helps to reduce cognitive load. Students in online courses are always processing more than the academic content itself. They are also locating materials, interpreting directions, managing deadlines, and navigating technology. Some of that effort is unavoidable. But some of it comes from design choices that make the learning environment harder to use than it needs to be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A course with a strong rhythm reduces that extra burden. When the organization is predictable, students do not have to decode the layout every week. When module pages follow a familiar pattern, students can focus more quickly on the task at hand. When due dates are consistent, time management becomes easier. Consistency in naming conventions, layout, location of materials, and scheduling helps students focus on learning instead of on figuring out how the course is organized (Johnson &amp; McDaniel, 2020).This matters especially in higher education, where online learners are often balancing coursework with jobs, caregiving responsibilities, commuting, or several other classes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What Course Rhythm Can Look Like<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Course rhythm does not mean that every week is identical. It means that the overall learning pattern is familiar enough that students know how to move through the course with confidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In many online courses, that rhythm might look something like this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Start each module with a short overview or checklist<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Review the learning objectives<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Engage with content such as readings or mini-lectures<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Complete a discussion, practice activity, or low-stakes check for understanding<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apply learning through an assignment, quiz, or project milestone<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Close with a preview of what comes next<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The exact sequence will vary depending on the course, discipline, and teaching style. The point is not to create a rigid template but, rather, to give students a recognizable path through the learning experience. (Johnson, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rhythm can also show up in smaller details, such as:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Assignment names might follow a consistent format<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Discussions or assignments may always appear in the same place in each module.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Major work may be due on the same day each week whenever possible<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Instructor announcements are posted the day each week\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These choices may seem minor from the instructor\u2019s perspective, but together they create a sense of stability for students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Goal: A Better Learning Experience for Students<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A course with rhythm sends a message to students: this learning experience is organized, intentional, and designed with your success in mind.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Students may not describe it as \u201crhythm,\u201d but they often feel its presence. They notice when a course is easy to follow. And when students spend less energy figuring out the course, they have more energy left for engaging with ideas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Johnson, S. M. (2020). <em>Online course module structure<\/em>. Vanderbilt University.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vanderbilt.edu\/cdr\/module1\/online-course-module-structure\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"> https:\/\/www.vanderbilt.edu\/cdr\/module1\/online-course-module-structure\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Johnson, S. M., &amp; McDaniel, R. (2020). <em>Design, consistency, and access<\/em>. Vanderbilt University.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vanderbilt.edu\/cdr\/module1\/design-consistency-and-access\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">https:\/\/www.vanderbilt.edu\/cdr\/module1\/design-consistency-and-access\/<\/a>University at Buffalo, <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Office of Curriculum, Assessment and Teaching Transformation. (n.d.). <em>Course organization<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buffalo.edu\/catt\/teach\/develop\/build\/course-organization.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">https:\/\/www.buffalo.edu\/catt\/teach\/develop\/build\/course-organization.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When faculty think about course design, they naturally focus first on content: readings, lectures, discussions, and assignments. These are, of course, the foundation of any learning experience. However, the underlying course structure is a sometimes neglected but deeply important consideration as well. Before students can engage meaningfully with ideas, they have to understand how the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2120,"featured_media":247,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,7,10,26,27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-active-learning","category-cognitive-load","category-engagement","category-student-success","category-teaching-online"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/246","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2120"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=246"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/246\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/247"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=246"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=246"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=246"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":235,"date":"2026-03-20T11:25:01","date_gmt":"2026-03-20T15:25:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/?p=235"},"modified":"2026-03-20T11:25:02","modified_gmt":"2026-03-20T15:25:02","slug":"reimagining-technology-as-a-creative-partner-in-teaching-and-learning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2026\/03\/20\/reimagining-technology-as-a-creative-partner-in-teaching-and-learning\/","title":{"rendered":"Reimagining Technology as a Creative Partner in Teaching and Learning"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>When integrated intentionally, technology expands possibility \u2014 supporting creativity, flexibility, access, and meaningful learning experiences across modalities.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Beyond Efficiency: Technology as Possibility<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Technology has become such a familiar part of teaching that it\u2019s often discussed in terms of tools, platforms, or requirements. But when we step back, technology offers something far more powerful than efficiency or convenience \u2014 it offers possibility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When used intentionally, technology becomes a creative partner in teaching and learning. It opens new ways of presenting ideas, engaging students, and extending learning beyond the walls of a classroom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Expanding What Teaching Can Look Like<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For faculty, technology can expand how teaching looks and feels. It allows instructors to experiment with multimedia, design learning activities that extend beyond scheduled class time, and create flexible pathways for students with different needs and circumstances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A lecture doesn\u2019t have to be confined to a single moment. Discussion doesn\u2019t have to end when class is over. Learning doesn\u2019t have to look the same for every student.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, a recorded lecture paired with interactive discussion boards can allow students to engage with content at their own pace while still participating in meaningful dialogue. A traditional research paper can evolve into a multimedia project, giving students opportunities to communicate ideas through video, audio, or interactive formats that mirror real-world contexts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong><strong>Supporting Authentic Student Work<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Technology creates opportunities for students to demonstrate learning in more authentic and meaningful ways. Instead of relying solely on exams or papers, students can create podcasts, digital projects, or collaborative artifacts that reflect real-world problem-solving.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These approaches deepen engagement and help students build transferable skills they will carry into their professional and civic lives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong><strong><strong>Advancing Access and Inclusion<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Technology also plays a critical role in access and inclusion. Flexible formats, recorded content, captioning, and multiple modes of participation make learning more equitable and humane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When thoughtfully integrated, technology supports students balancing work, family responsibilities, and diverse learning needs \u2014 without lowering academic expectations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Preparing Students for a Changing World<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Teaching with technology prepares students for the world they are entering, not the one we remember. Digital tools shape how knowledge is created, shared, and applied across disciplines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By integrating technology into our courses, we help students learn not only what to think, but how to learn, communicate, and adapt in a rapidly changing environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>Partnering with Faculty<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>At LEDstudio, we partner with faculty to explore these possibilities intentionally \u2014 grounding technology choices in pedagogy, learning outcomes, and student needs. Our goal isn\u2019t to add technology for its own sake, but to support creative, pedagogically grounded decisions that enhance teaching and learning across modalities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong><strong>An Invitation to Rethink What\u2019s Possible<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Technology doesn\u2019t have to feel overwhelming or prescriptive. It can be an invitation \u2014 an opportunity to rethink what\u2019s possible and design learning experiences that are flexible, engaging, and deeply human.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When integrated intentionally, technology expands possibility \u2014 supporting creativity, flexibility, access, and meaningful learning experiences across modalities. Beyond Efficiency: Technology as Possibility Technology has become such a familiar part of teaching that it\u2019s often discussed in terms of tools, platforms, or requirements. But when we step back, technology offers something far more powerful than efficiency [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2106,"featured_media":236,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,10,26,29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-235","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-article","category-engagement","category-student-success","category-technology-integrated-teaching"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/235","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2106"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=235"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/235\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/236"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=235"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=235"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=235"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":239,"date":"2026-03-13T10:00:05","date_gmt":"2026-03-13T14:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/?p=239"},"modified":"2026-03-13T10:00:06","modified_gmt":"2026-03-13T14:00:06","slug":"level-up-your-classroom-the-low-stakes-guide-to-gamification","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2026\/03\/13\/level-up-your-classroom-the-low-stakes-guide-to-gamification\/","title":{"rendered":"Level Up Your Classroom: The Low-Stakes Guide to Gamification"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Gamification brings game\u2011design principles into course design to boost student engagement, motivation, and persistence. By weaving in elements like progression and meaningful rewards, you can transform traditional course structures into experiences that feel more energizing. This post highlights a few simple strategies you can use to make your course more enjoyable for students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gamification doesn\u2019t require a tech\u2011heavy overhaul. At its core, it\u2019s about leveraging the same psychological mechanics that make games compelling and integrating them into your syllabus and course flow. You can start small, experiment with one or two elements, and begin seeing the impact right away.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Start with the Low-Hanging Fruit<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Think about your current grading structure. In most courses, students start with an A and gradually \u201close\u201d points as the semester goes on, which is a system that can feel punitive and demotivating. A simple gamified tweak is to flip that model into an experience\u2011point (XP) system. Students start at zero and \u201clevel up\u201d as they complete work. The math stays the same, but the mindset shifts from avoiding failure to achieving growth. For example, instead of 100 total points, you might offer 1,000 XP across the semester: homework could be worth 100 XP, a major project 300 XP, and students reach new \u201clevels\u201d at milestones like 250 or 500 XP. At the end, their total XP converts back into a standard letter grade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Add a Dash of Mystery<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Instead of opening a course up completely to students on day one, try a different approach. <a href=\"https:\/\/community.instructure.com\/en\/kb\/articles\/660897-how-do-i-add-requirements-to-a-module\">Check out this Canvas post <\/a>about setting \u201crequirements\u201d for each module. Students are required to complete one task before they can move on to the next. To add a bit of &#8220;questing&#8221; flavor, try introducing bonus challenges or hidden objectives. These don&#8217;t need to be complex. Perhaps there is a &#8220;Librarian\u2019s Quest&#8221; in a research course, where the first five students that find a specific database and an article from it on the VCU library website get a small badge or five extra XP. It adds a layer of discovery that breaks up the routine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Power of Immediate Feedback<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Games are addictive because players always know where they stand. In many courses, students wait days or weeks for feedback, which can make progress feel invisible. Canvas gives you several ways to close that gap with fast, low\u2011stakes check\u2011ins. For example, you can use Canvas Quizzes or New Quizzes to create short \u201cboss battles\u201d at the end of a module. These can be auto\u2011graded, giving students immediate feedback on their understanding. If the class performs well, you might \u201cunlock\u201d a bonus resource, such as an optional study guide or award a small amount of extra XP. These quick touchpoints keep momentum high, and help students track their growth in real time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why Bother?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When we lower the barrier to entry for ourselves, we create a more resilient environment for our students. Gamification reduces the &#8220;fear of the grade&#8221; and replaces it with the &#8220;joy of the win.&#8221; You don&#8217;t need a massive budget or a degree in game design to make this happen. As these examples have shown, sometimes it\u2019s reframing things that already exist within your course. You just need a willingness to play with the format.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Your course isn&#8217;t just a list of outcomes; it is a journey. Why not make it a fun one?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gamification brings game\u2011design principles into course design to boost student engagement, motivation, and persistence. By weaving in elements like progression and meaningful rewards, you can transform traditional course structures into experiences that feel more energizing. This post highlights a few simple strategies you can use to make your course more enjoyable for students. Gamification doesn\u2019t [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2339,"featured_media":240,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,5,10,13,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-239","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-active-learning","category-article","category-engagement","category-gamification","category-student-success"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/239","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2339"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=239"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/239\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/240"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=239"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=239"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=239"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":231,"date":"2026-02-20T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-02-20T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/?p=231"},"modified":"2026-02-19T16:20:04","modified_gmt":"2026-02-19T21:20:04","slug":"the-growth-mindset-classroom-considering-the-process-as-the-product","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2026\/02\/20\/the-growth-mindset-classroom-considering-the-process-as-the-product\/","title":{"rendered":"The Growth-Mindset Classroom: Considering the Process as the Product"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Imagine two students in your crowded lecture hall. One views a difficult problem as a signal that they lack the talent to succeed, quickly turning to external shortcuts to find the answer. The second student sees that same struggle as fuel for their brain, understanding that mental effort is the physical process of building new neural pathways.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As educators, we are the soil for these seeds. Neuroscience shows that a student&#8217;s growth mindset, the belief that intellectual abilities can be developed, only flourishes when the classroom context supports it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For years, we have relied on high-stakes, outcome-focused assessments. However, we are currently facing a vastly different technological landscape from a few short years ago where the use of AI to complete assignments is virtually untraceable and can now ace most traditional tests and writing assignments. This technological shift is not the cause of cheating, but it has exposed a long-standing issue: students often prioritize the transaction of a grade over the transformation of learning.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The question becomes: How can we foster true motivation and a growth mindset in our students while moving our focus away from the final output and toward the learning process itself?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Practical Strategies for Large-Enrollment Success<\/strong><br><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Implementing deep, process-focused learning with large class sizes may seem daunting, but these evidence-based strategies address specific instructional gaps while keeping your grading workload manageable. Here is a list of barriers to success with optional instructional strategies for improving student outcomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Grading Barrier<\/strong><br><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>In massive classes, manual grading of complex problems is impossible. By designing <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2024\/10\/31\/scenario-based-authentic-assessment-in-large-enrollment-courses\/\"><strong>auto-graded multiple-choice questions<\/strong><\/a> that require students to apply concepts to a realistic professional scenario, you can test critical thinking and decision-making rather than simple memorization. Using available tools, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2025\/09\/02\/whats-new-with-peerceptiv\/\">Peerceptiv<\/a>, can increase peer engagement while protecting faculty efficiency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Motivation Barrier<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Adult learners are driven by relevancy. <strong>Surveying<\/strong> students at the start of the semester and asking them to <strong>create personal goals<\/strong> that align to course objectives helps them answer their own \u201cwhy\u201d, which is the primary driver of motivation in adult students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Engagement Barrier<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Regular, <strong>low-stakes retrieval exercises<\/strong> force the brain to actively process information, which strengthens neural connections far more than passive listening. Adding knowledge checks within the content with immediate feedback included, adding <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2025\/11\/05\/designing-accessible-gamification-why-it-matters-how-to-start\/\">gamification<\/a> strategies, short quizzes, self-evalutative survey questions, and <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2025\/09\/30\/structuring-peer-to-peer-learning-for-authentic-engagement\/\">think-pair-share activities<\/a> within the course activate engagement in students and increase accountability. Requiring short reflections on their strengths, and areas for improvement not only increases engagement but creates self-awareness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Fixed-Mindset Barrier<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Students with a fixed mindset often avoid challenges to prevent failure. Providing <strong>autonomy<\/strong> by allowing students to choose their project topics or submission formats increases their willingness to see a difficult project through to the end. Follow <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2025\/06\/24\/teaching-gen-z-adapting-your-approach-to-empower-modern-learners\/\"><strong>Universal Design for Learning Principles<\/strong><\/a> to increase inclusivity for students that may lack confidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The AI Barrier<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Consider <strong>reframing assignments<\/strong> that focus on a correct final product by focusing on the process instead. Include<strong> process-focused rubric criteria<\/strong> for students\u2019 rationale and decision-making process to ensure that the student is demonstrating critical thinking. If students are <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2025\/02\/06\/advancing-ai-in-education-a-collaborative-vision-for-vcu\/\">using AI<\/a> for brainstorming or editing, request that they provide AI chat prompts, transcripts or citations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Innovation Barrier<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>VCU strives to foster real-world learning that requires a growth mindset. Creating a classroom culture and curriculum design that <strong>rewards the effort and strategy of the learning journey<\/strong> helps students transition from the idea of earning a degree to becoming lifelong learners. Through our own process as educators at VCU, we continue to bring innovative practices to our students through our own process of discovery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Additional Resources<\/strong><br><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bowen, J. A., &amp; Watson, C. E. (2024). <em>Teaching with AI: A practical guide to a new era of human learning<\/em>. JHU Press.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>David, L., Vassena, E., &amp; Bijleveld, E. (2024). The unpleasantness of thinking: A meta-analytic review of the association between mental effort and negative affect. <em>Psychological Bulletin<\/em>, <em>150<\/em>(9), 1070\u20131093. <a href=\"https:\/\/psycnet.apa.org\/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Fbul0000443\">https:\/\/psycnet.apa.org\/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Fbul0000443<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Global Silicon Valley. (2024, April 16). <em>Co-Intelligence: AI in the classroom with Ethan Mollick | ASU+GSV 2024<\/em> [Video]. YouTube.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=HanKVJH_Bco\"> https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=HanKVJH_Bco<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hobson, L. (2023, October 18). EP-86: Andragogy and designing learning experiences [Audio podcast episode]. In <em>Andragogy and Designing Learning Experiences \u2014 Dr. Luke Hobson<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/drlukehobson.com\/podcast-episodes\/andragogy-and-designing-learning-experiences?rq=motivation\">EP-86: Andragogy and Designing Learning Experiences \u2014 Dr. Luke Hobson<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mollick, E. (2024, August 30). Post-apocalyptic education: What comes after the Homework Apocalypse. <em>One Useful Thing<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oneusefulthing.org\/p\/post-apocalyptic-education\">https:\/\/www.oneusefulthing.org\/p\/post-apocalyptic-education<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mollick, L., &amp; Mollick, E. (n.d.). Student exercises. <em>More Useful Things: AI Resources<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/www.moreusefulthings.com\/student-exercises\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Process-focused learning and assessment for AI and learning skills. (n.d.). <em>Teaching with AI Tips<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/learning.northeastern.edu\/aitips-process-focused-learning\/\">https:\/\/learning.northeastern.edu\/aitips-process-focused-learning\/<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stanford Alumni. (2014, October 9). <em>Developing a growth mindset with Carol Dweck<\/em> [Video]. YouTube.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hiiEeMN7vbQ\"> https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hiiEeMN7vbQ<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yeager, D. S., Carroll, J. M., Buontempo, J., Cimpian, A., Woody, S., Crosnoe, R., Muller, C., Murray, J., Mhatre, P., Kersting, N., Hulleman, C., Kudym, M., Murphy, M., Duckworth, A. L., Walton, G. M., &amp; Dweck, C. S. (2022). Teacher mindsets help explain where a growth-mindset intervention does and doesn\u2019t work. <em>Psychological Science<\/em>, <em>33<\/em>(1), 18\u201332. <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8985222\/\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8985222\/<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Imagine two students in your crowded lecture hall. One views a difficult problem as a signal that they lack the talent to succeed, quickly turning to external shortcuts to find the answer. The second student sees that same struggle as fuel for their brain, understanding that mental effort is the physical process of building new [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2341,"featured_media":232,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,10,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-231","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-article","category-engagement","category-growth-mindset"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/231","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2341"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=231"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/231\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/232"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=231"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=231"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=231"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":222,"date":"2026-02-13T11:56:38","date_gmt":"2026-02-13T16:56:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/?p=222"},"modified":"2026-02-13T11:56:39","modified_gmt":"2026-02-13T16:56:39","slug":"countdown-to-april-24th-ai-as-your-accessibility-partner","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2026\/02\/13\/countdown-to-april-24th-ai-as-your-accessibility-partner\/","title":{"rendered":"Countdown to April 24th: AI as Your Accessibility Partner"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Date &amp; The Mindset<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s start with a reality check: VCU must meet the Department of Justice\u2019s updated ADA Title II accessibility regulations by April 24, 2026. As noted in the VCU Provost Blog Post: <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/provost\/2026\/01\/07\/resources-for-faculty-federal-accessibility-requirements\/\">Resources for faculty: Federal accessibility requirements mandated by April 2026<\/a>, this mandate&nbsp; \u201capplies to all digital content provided to students.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This blog post focuses on using AI as an accessibility partner; it does not cover the standards for creating accessible digital content. For detailed guidance, see the LEDstudio micro\u2011course: <a href=\"https:\/\/vcuonline.catalog.vcu.edu\/browse\/microcourses\/courses\/ledstudio-digital-accessibility-for-vcu-faculty\">Digital Accessibility for VCU Faculty<\/a>. and LEDstudio\u2019s quick start guides: <a href=\"https:\/\/ledstudio.vcu.edu\/learning-resources\/quick-start-guides\/accessibility-in-digital-learning\/\">Accessibility in Digital Learning<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/scribehow.com\/page\/Math_and_STEM_Accessibility_Resource_Guide__eulIZZeOTmOne98C9MMpfA?referrer=workspace\">Math and STEM Accessibility Resource Guide<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To meet the accessibility challenge without burning out, one option is to team up with an AI assistant. Wharton professor Ethan Mollick in his blog post <a href=\"https:\/\/open.substack.com\/pub\/oneusefulthing\/p\/post-apocalyptic-education?r=2liya2&amp;utm_campaign=post&amp;utm_medium=web\">Post-Apocalyptic Education<\/a>, suggests that educators view Large Language Models (LLMs) not as &#8220;magic bullets&#8221; that do work for us, but as partners.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">AI &amp; Time Savings<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When we think about using AI as an accessibility partner, the question isn\u2019t just \u201cCan I trust it?\u201d\u2014it\u2019s \u201cCan it help me work faster without sacrificing quality?\u201d Researcher Ethan Mollick offers a framework (often called the &#8216;Jagged Frontier&#8217;) for knowing when to delegate a task to AI. <a href=\"https:\/\/open.substack.com\/pub\/oneusefulthing\/p\/management-as-ai-superpower?utm_campaign=post-expanded-share&amp;utm_medium=web\">Mollick\u2019s three questions<\/a>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Human Baseline Tim<\/strong>e: how long the task would take you to do yourself<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Probability of Success<\/strong>: how likely the AI is to produce an output that meets your bar on a given attempt<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>AI Process Time<\/strong>: how long it takes you to request, wait for, and evaluate an AI output<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1456\" height=\"794\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2026\/02\/Mollick-AI-Delegation-Tradeoff.png\" alt=\"A useful mental model is that you're trading off 'doing the whole task' (human basele time) against paying the overhead cost (AI Process Time) possibly multiple times until you get something acceptable. The higher Probability of Success is, the fewer times you have to pay AI Process Time, and the more useful it is to turn things over to the AI.\" class=\"wp-image-224 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1456px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1456\/794;width:796px;height:auto\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2026\/02\/Mollick-AI-Delegation-Tradeoff.png 1456w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2026\/02\/Mollick-AI-Delegation-Tradeoff-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2026\/02\/Mollick-AI-Delegation-Tradeoff-1024x558.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2026\/02\/Mollick-AI-Delegation-Tradeoff-768x419.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1456px) 100vw, 1456px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Infographic courtesy of Ethan Mollick, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oneusefulthing.org\/p\/management-as-ai-superpower\">One Useful Thing: Management as AI superpower<\/a><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>This framework helps you judge whether AI meaningfully reduces your work. For example, if you&#8217;re new to writing alt text or long descriptions for images, charts, or graphs, doing it alone can take 30 minutes or more for a single image. An AI assistant can produce a solid first draft in seconds. At first, the back\u2011and\u2011forth to refine it may take several minutes, but as you gain experience and refine your prompts, later descriptions will take only a minute or two to finalize.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That\u2019s the real time savings: AI speeds up the parts of the process that are new, unfamiliar, or slow, while you bring the expertise and judgment that ensure the final product is accurate and accessible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To help you move from theory to practice, we have developed three specific &#8216;Use Cases&#8217; tailored to common pain points at VCU. Each one includes a tested prompt you can copy, paste, and adapt.\u00a0Click each dropdown arrow to read the use cases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details\"><summary><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\">Use Case #1: Inaccessible Math or CHEM PDFs<\/mark><\/strong><\/summary>\n<p><strong>The pain point:<\/strong> Your Math or CHEM quizzes or exams are inaccessible paper-based PDFs.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The fix<\/strong>: Use <a href=\"http:\/\/gemini.google.com\">VCU\u2019s Google Gemini<\/a> to make the content accessible. Gemini automatically converts the equations into accessible math and generates the Alt Text descriptions for your diagrams. You simply copy and paste this ready-to-use content into Microsoft Word,<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The prompt<\/strong>:: <em>Copy the text below directly into Gemini.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>Act as an Accessibility Specialist at VCU. The attached file is a PDF exam containing [Mathematics \/ Chemistry] content.<br>Goal: Recreate this document as an accessible Microsoft Word document. Extract the text and formulas so they can be copied and pasted directly into Microsoft Word while remaining legible and accessible to screen readers.<br>Context &amp; Learning Objectives: [INSERT LEARNING OBJECTIVES HERE]<br>Specific Instructions:Extraction: Extract all text and questions exactly as they appear.Math Format: Use standard text and Unicode mathematical symbols (e.g., \u00b1, \u2211, \u221e, \u03b8) for variables and simple expressions so they are readable as plain text. For complex formulas (fractions, exponents, square roots), write them out clearly on their own lines using standard keyboard notation (e.g., &#8220;sqrt(x+2)&#8221; or &#8220;(a+b)\/(c+d)&#8221;) that a screen reader can easily parse.Structure: Use &#8220;###&#8221; to separate questions clearly.Visuals: For diagrams, provide a strictly descriptive &#8220;Alt Text&#8221; in brackets (e.g., [Alt Text: Parabola opening upward&#8230;]).Security: Do NOT solve the problems. Keep them as unanswered questions.<br>Output format: Provide the content in a code block for easy copying. Do not use LaTeX delimiters or specialized coding languages\u2014provide &#8220;ready-to-use&#8221; text that maintains its structural integrity when moved to a Word Doc.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How to evaluate AI output:<\/strong> Microsoft Word has an accessibility checker that will help you evaluate if the output is accessible, see: <a href=\"https:\/\/support.microsoft.com\/en-us\/office\/improve-accessibility-with-the-accessibility-checker-a16f6de0-2f39-4a2b-8bd8-5ad801426c7f\">Improve Accessibility with the Accessibility Checker.<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details\"><summary><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\">Use Case #2: Alt Text or Long Descriptions<\/mark><\/strong><\/summary>\n<p><strong>The pain point:<\/strong> Your department has hundreds of complex images, including lab specimens, anatomical models, and multi-angle views. You are skeptical that standard &#8220;Alt Text&#8221; can truly provide an equivalent educational experience for students who cannot see these visuals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The fix<\/strong>: Use <a href=\"http:\/\/gemini.google.com\">VCU\u2019s Google Gemini<\/a> to generate comprehensive &#8220;Long Descriptions.&#8221; Unlike basic captions, Gemini analyzes the visual data to describe textures, spatial relationships, and specific anatomical markers. This allows you to provide rich, pedagogical descriptions that bridge the gap between &#8220;seeing&#8221; the model and &#8220;understanding&#8221; the concept, ensuring compliance and educational equity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Prompt:<\/strong> <em>Copy the text below directly into Gemini.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>Act as a Subject Matter Expert and Accessibility Specialist. The attached image is a [lab specimen \/ anatomical model \/ diagram] used for a university-level course.Goal: Create a concise &#8220;Alt Text&#8221; and a detailed &#8220;Long Description&#8221; that provides an equivalent learning experience for a blind student.<br>Context &amp; Learning Objectives: [INSERT LEARNING OBJECTIVES HERE &#8211; e.g., &#8220;Student must identify the left ventricle and understanding the flow of blood.&#8221;]<br>Specific Instructions:Alt Text: Write a brief sentence (approx. 125 characters) identifying the object and its primary view (e.g., &#8220;Anterior view of the human heart model&#8221;).Long Description: Provide a deep analysis of the visual evidence. Describe the texture, relative position, size, and color of key features.Spatial Orientation: If the image represents a specific angle or cross-section, explicitly describe the orientation to help the student build a mental model of the object in 3D space.Tone: Objective, clinical, and educational.<br>Output format: Please provide the Alt Text and Long Description in clear, separate sections.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How to evaluate AI output: <\/strong>Check the AI-generated description against these four markers to ensure it meets VCU accessibility standards:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Overview. Does it start with a high-level summary? A brief overview allows the reader to know if they want to continue or jump ahead. For instance: \u201cThe graph of a downward opening parabola labeled <em>f<\/em> with vertex at the point (1, 3).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Structure. Does the description move predictably (left to right or top to bottom) and includes all critical data? <em>Check<\/em>: \u200b\u200bDid the AI mention the line style (solid vs. dashed), shaded regions (inequalities), or hollow vs. filled endpoints? These are not &#8220;visual details&#8221;\u2014they are mathematical data points.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pedagogical Goal. Does it align with the learning objectives without providing the answer?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avoids visual shorthand. Avoid subjective words like \u201csteep\u201d or \u201csharp\u201d <em>Example:<\/em> Instead of &#8220;the line goes up fast,&#8221; use &#8220;the line has a large positive slope.&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Data Integrity. Does it hallucinate numbers? <em>Check<\/em>: AI often &#8220;guesses&#8221; coordinates. Always verify that the points mentioned in the text match the numbers in the image exactly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details\"><summary><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#fcb900\" class=\"has-inline-color is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\">Use Case #3: Assessment-Safe Visuals (Graphs &amp; Charts)<\/mark><\/strong><\/summary>\n<p><strong>The Pain Point:<\/strong> You want to test students on their ability to interpret a graph (e.g., &#8220;Calculate the slope&#8221; or &#8220;Identify the reaction rate&#8221;), but you worry that adding standard Alt Text will either be too vague to be useful or so detailed that it gives away the answer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Fix:<\/strong> Use <a href=\"http:\/\/gemini.google.com\">VCU\u2019s Google Gemini<\/a> to create &#8220;Data-Only&#8221; descriptions. Direct Gemini to strictly list the visual facts (coordinates, axis labels, intersection points) without analyzing them. This gives screen-reader users the equivalent raw data they need to solve the problem, maintaining the rigor of your exam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Prompt:<\/strong> <em>Copy the text below directly into Gemini.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>Act as an Assessment Developer. The attached image is a [graph \/ chart] used in a final exam.<br>Goal: Write a neutral &#8220;Visual Description&#8221; that allows a blind student to answer the exam question without being told the solution.<br>Exam Question Context: [INSERT EXAM QUESTION HERE &#8211; e.g., &#8220;Calculate the slope of the line based on the data shown.&#8221;]<br>Specific Instructions:Objective Description: Describe the layout of the chart, the axis labels, and the range of values.Data Extraction: List the specific data points or coordinates visible on the graph (e.g., &#8220;The line passes through (0,2) and (4,10)&#8221;).ANTI-SPOILER: Do NOT interpret the data. Do NOT calculate the result (e.g., do not say &#8220;The line rises sharply&#8221; or &#8220;The slope is 2&#8221;). Strictly describe the visual elements available to a sighted student.<br>Output format: Provide the description in a single, clear paragraph suitable for the &#8220;Alt Text&#8221; field in Canvas or Word.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How to evaluate AI output: <\/strong>Check the AI-generated description against these four markers to ensure it meets VCU accessibility standards:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Overview. Does it start with a high-level summary and include all identifiers? <em>Check:<\/em> Did it mention &#8220;Labeled f&#8221;?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Structure. Does the description move predictably (left to right or top to bottom) and leave nothing out? <em>Check<\/em>: \u200b\u200b Did it capture &#8220;hidden&#8221; data like dashed vs. solid lines, shaded regions, or open vs. closed endpoints?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Appropriate for the Activity. Does it use the student\u2019s prior knowledge to keep descriptions concise. <em>Check:<\/em> If they know what a &#8220;Bell Curve&#8221; is, the description should use that term rather than describing every individual slope change<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pedagogical Goal. Does it align with the learning objectives without providing the answer?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avoids visual shorthand. Did it use mathematical language? <em>Check:<\/em> Replace &#8220;going up&#8221; with &#8220;increasing&#8221; and &#8220;flat&#8221; with &#8220;constant.&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Data Integrity. Does it hallucinate numbers? <em>Check:<\/em> AI often &#8220;guesses&#8221; coordinates. Always verify that the points mentioned in the text match the numbers in the image exactly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If the AI&#8217;s first output is too &#8220;wordy&#8221; or gives away the answer, simply reply: <em>&#8220;Make this more concise and don&#8217;t mention the roots; let the student find them based on the intersections described.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Meeting the DOJ regulations is living up to VCU\u2019s standard of &#8220;Uncommon Excellence.&#8221; We want our courses to be inclusive, usable and accessible.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So start today! Let AI be your accessibility partner\u2014one document, one image, one small win at a time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">References<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ai.google.dev\/gemini-api\/docs\/document-processing\"><em>Google. Gemini API Documentation. Google AI for Developers.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/support.microsoft.com\/en-us\/office\/improve-accessibility-with-the-accessibility-checker-a16f6de0-2f39-4a2b-8bd8-5ad801426c7f\"><em>Microsoft. Improve accessibility with the Accessibility Checker.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/open.substack.com\/pub\/oneusefulthing\/p\/post-apocalyptic-education?r=2liya2&amp;utm_campaign=post&amp;utm_medium=web\"><em>Mollick, E. (2024). Post\u2011apocalyptic education: What comes after the homework apocalypse. One Useful Thing.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/open.substack.com\/pub\/oneusefulthing\/p\/management-as-ai-superpower?utm_campaign=post-expanded-share&amp;utm_medium=web\"><em>Mollick, E. (2024). Management as an AI superpower. One Useful Thing.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/igorrivin.github.io\/blog\/ocr-benchmark\/\"><em>Rivin, I. (2025). Math PDF OCR benchmark: Why Gemini Flash beats Mathpix.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cio.ts.vcu.edu\/ai\/ai-tools-and-technologies\/\"><em>Virginia Commonwealth University, Office of the CIO. AI Tools and Technologies.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/provost\/2026\/01\/07\/resources-for-faculty-federal-accessibility-requirements\/\"><em>Virginia Commonwealth University, Office of the Provost. Federal accessibility requirements mandated by April 2026. VCU Blogs: Resources for Faculty.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ledstudio.vcu.edu\/learning-resources\/quick-start-guides\/accessibility-in-digital-learning\/\"><em>Virginia Commonwealth University, Learning Experience Design Studio (LEDstudio). Accessibility in Digital Learning. Virginia Commonwealth University.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vcuonline.catalog.vcu.edu\/browse\/microcourses\/courses\/ledstudio-digital-accessibility-for-vcu-faculty\"><em>Virginia Commowealth University. Learning Experience Design Studio (LEDstudio). Digital Accessibility for VCU Faculty.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/scribehow.com\/page\/Math_and_STEM_Accessibility_Resource_Guide__eulIZZeOTmOne98C9MMpfA?referrer=workspace\"><em>Virginia Commonwealth University. Learning Experience Design Studio (LEDstudio). Math and STEM Accessibility Resource Guide.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.urban.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2022-12\/Do%20No%20Harm%20Guide%20Centering%20Accessibility%20in%20Data%20Visualization.pdf\"><em>Urban Institute. (2022). Do No Harm Guide: Centering Accessibility in Data Visualization (Edited by Jonathan Schwabish, Sue Popkin, &amp; Alice Feng).<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/WCAG21\/\"><em>World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). (2018). Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/chrisyoong.com\/blog\/the-100-150-or-200-characters-alt-text-rule-is-a-myth\"><em>Yoong, C. (2024). The 100, 150, or 200 Characters Alt Text Rule Is a Myth. chrisyoong.com.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Date &amp; The Mindset Let\u2019s start with a reality check: VCU must meet the Department of Justice\u2019s updated ADA Title II accessibility regulations by April 24, 2026. As noted in the VCU Provost Blog Post: Resources for faculty: Federal accessibility requirements mandated by April 2026, this mandate&nbsp; \u201capplies to all digital content provided to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2115,"featured_media":229,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-222","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-article"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/222","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2115"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=222"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/222\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/229"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=222"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=222"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=222"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":219,"date":"2026-02-06T11:31:00","date_gmt":"2026-02-06T16:31:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/?p=219"},"modified":"2026-02-06T11:31:03","modified_gmt":"2026-02-06T16:31:03","slug":"making-math-and-stem-more-accessible-a-resource-guide-for-instructors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2026\/02\/06\/making-math-and-stem-more-accessible-a-resource-guide-for-instructors\/","title":{"rendered":"Making Math and STEM More Accessible: A Resource Guide for Instructors"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Math and STEM content can present unique accessibility challenges; from equations and symbols to PDFs, slides, and videos. Accessibility matters not just for equity, but recent Department of Justice (DOJ) accessibility updates underscore the need for accessible digital content.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To help with making your course materials accessible, LEDstudio created the <a href=\"https:\/\/scribehow.com\/page\/Math_and_STEM_Accessibility_Resource_Guide__eulIZZeOTmOne98C9MMpfA\"><strong>Math and STEM Accessibility Resource Guide<\/strong><\/a>, a step-by-step resource that shows how to apply best practices efficiently, using examples and workflows you&#8217;ll encounter in your courses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Inside the guide, you&#8217;ll find:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Clear steps for creating accessible math and STEM content.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Guidance for equations, notations, documents, slides, PDFs, and videos.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Practical strategies that support equitable access for all learners.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Accessibility doesn&#8217;t have to be overwhelming or time-consuming. Even small, intentional changes can make a meaningful difference in how students access and engage with content &#8211; particularly learners who rely on assistive technologies.If you have any questions about accessibility, you can connect with an instructional designer at LEDstudio by dropping in via<a href=\"https:\/\/vcu.zoom.us\/j\/89725493841#success\"> Zoom<\/a> during our Open Office Hours on Tuesday and Wednesday from 12\u20132 PM.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Math and STEM content can present unique accessibility challenges; from equations and symbols to PDFs, slides, and videos. Accessibility matters not just for equity, but recent Department of Justice (DOJ) accessibility updates underscore the need for accessible digital content. To help with making your course materials accessible, LEDstudio created the Math and STEM Accessibility Resource [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2112,"featured_media":220,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-accessibility","category-article"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2112"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=219"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/219\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":210,"date":"2026-01-23T08:35:16","date_gmt":"2026-01-23T13:35:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/?p=210"},"modified":"2026-01-23T10:47:07","modified_gmt":"2026-01-23T15:47:07","slug":"how-educators-in-higher-education-can-use-ai-prompting-techniques-to-promote-criticalthinking","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2026\/01\/23\/how-educators-in-higher-education-can-use-ai-prompting-techniques-to-promote-criticalthinking\/","title":{"rendered":"How Educators in Higher Education Can Use AI Prompting Techniques to Promote Critical Thinking"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Artificial intelligence is rapidly reshaping how learners\u2019 access, interpret, and create information. In higher education, where critical thinking is a central learning outcome, AI presents both an opportunity and a challenge. When used intentionally, AI tools can help students analyze complex problems, interrogate assumptions, explore diverse perspectives, and refine their reasoning. The key is <em>how<\/em> educators structure the interaction: purposeful prompting transforms AI from a shortcut into a cognitive partner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Below are research-informed strategies and practical prompting techniques educators can use to cultivate deeper student thinking while maintaining academic integrity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why AI Prompts Matter for Critical Thinking<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>AI systems respond directly to the instructions and context they are given. Well-designed prompts can help students to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Evaluate evidence rather than accept it at face value<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Generate multiple solutions to open-ended problems<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Identify biases and limitations in sources<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Compare and critique different viewpoints<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Strengthen their metacognition by reflecting on their reasoning<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In this way, prompting becomes an instructional design tool, one that guides <em>how<\/em> students engage intellectually with content.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prompts That Encourage Analysis and Evaluation<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Evidence-Weighing Prompts<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Encourage students to examine claims critically.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>\u201cAnalyze the argument below. What evidence is strong, what is weak, and what evidence is missing?\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u201cSummarize two potential counterarguments to this position.\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u201cRate the reliability of the following sources and justify your reasoning.\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These prompts slow students down and force deeper engagement with material, even when AI provides the initial scaffolding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prompts That Encourage Perspective-Taking<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Role-Based or Lens-Shifting Prompts<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Students learn to reframe issues by viewing them from different disciplinary or ideological angles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>\u201cExplain this concept as a historian, a scientist, and a sociologist. How does each lens change what you emphasize?\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u201cProvide two differing interpretations of this data\u2014one optimistic and one skeptical\u2014and describe the assumptions behind each.\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This fosters cognitive flexibility and mitigates overly simplistic conclusions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prompts That Develop Problem-Solving Skills<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. Iterative or Step-Based Prompts<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Students practice reasoning rather than asking AI for a final answer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>\u201cWalk me through your reasoning step by step before providing a conclusion.\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u201cGenerate three possible solutions to this problem and explain the trade-offs of each.\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u201cIdentify what additional information would be necessary to strengthen the solution.\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These prompts model expert problem-solving processes and make students\u2019 thinking more transparent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prompts That Support Metacognition<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Reflective Prompts<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Reflection prompts help students become aware of their cognitive habits and biases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>\u201cWhat assumptions did you make while forming your answer?\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u201cWhich parts of this problem are most uncertain, and how might that uncertainty affect your conclusion?\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u201cRewrite your response to be more concise or more rigorous\u2014explain what you changed and why.\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Students practice evaluating <em>the quality of their own thinking<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prompts That Strengthen Academic Integrity<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>AI can support\u2014but not replace\u2014student learning. Structured prompts help prevent over-reliance and promote transparent thinking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. \u201cAI as Collaborator, Not Author\u201d Prompts<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>These prompts require students to engage with AI outputs rather than submit them unchanged.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>\u201cUse the AI response below as a starting point. Highlight where you agree, disagree, and how you would revise it.\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u201cCritique the AI\u2019s explanation for clarity, accuracy, and completeness.\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>\u201cExplain how you would verify the claims made by the AI.\u201d<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This frames AI as a tool in the learning process\u2014not a shortcut to finished work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Designing Assignments That Embed Critical AI Use<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Educators can incorporate scaffolding around AI interactions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Assignment Ideas<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>AI-assisted literature reviews<\/strong> where students must evaluate AI-generated summaries against real sources<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Debate tasks<\/strong> where students argue against an AI-provided position<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Case-study simulations<\/strong> where AI generates scenarios and students must diagnose issues or propose evidence-based responses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Draft-revision cycles<\/strong> where AI offers feedback that students must interpret and incorporate thoughtfully<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These approaches preserve intellectual rigor while making productive use of AI\u2019s capabilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5 Best Practices for Educators<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Make expectations explicit.<\/strong> Define acceptable and unacceptable AI use in assignments.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Teach students to question AI outputs.<\/strong> Highlight risks of hallucinations, bias, and overly confident answers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Model good prompting yourself.<\/strong> Demonstrate how prompts shape the quality of thought and output.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Encourage transparency.<\/strong> Ask students to document how they used AI in their process.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Align prompts with course outcomes.<\/strong> Prompts should directly support the critical thinking skills you aim to develop.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When leveraged intentionally, AI can help students practice the very skills that define higher education including, analysis, argumentation, reflection, and problem-solving. Educators who design effective prompting strategies can turn AI from a passive information provider into an active thinking partner. The goal is not to replace human reasoning but to elevate it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Artificial intelligence is rapidly reshaping how learners\u2019 access, interpret, and create information. In higher education, where critical thinking is a central learning outcome, AI presents both an opportunity and a challenge. When used intentionally, AI tools can help students analyze complex problems, interrogate assumptions, explore diverse perspectives, and refine their reasoning. The key is how [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2338,"featured_media":211,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ai","category-article"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/210","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2338"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=210"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/210\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/211"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=210"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":198,"date":"2025-12-08T09:27:18","date_gmt":"2025-12-08T14:27:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/?p=198"},"modified":"2025-12-08T09:27:20","modified_gmt":"2025-12-08T14:27:20","slug":"making-video-accessible-from-start-to-finish","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2025\/12\/08\/making-video-accessible-from-start-to-finish\/","title":{"rendered":"Making Video Accessible from Start to Finish"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Accessibility and inclusive design ensure your content has the ability to be understood by all learners. When planning a course, accessibility should not be an afterthought. The ability to provide inclusive content begins when you start the planning process&nbsp;and should be included at every stage, from writing the script to recording and uploading. Here are some tips and techniques to guide your accessible course design.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pre-Production<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Scripting for Visuals (Integrated Audio Description)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The most effective way to provide visual information for users who are blind or have low vision is to integrate descriptions of visuals into the script itself. When writing the script, describe visuals verbally even when shown on screen. Whether it be charts, actions, or other graphic visuals, be sure to have the speaker or narrator describe them out loud to achieve a better overall experience and understanding. Avoid saying &#8220;as you can see.&#8221; For example, if describing a graph, you would introduce the graph, identify the variables, highlight the key information, and then provide conclusions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Production<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Good Quality Audio (Hardware, Position, and Pacing)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>For the benefit of all students, it is important to have clear and easy to understand audio; however, this is especially important to students who are visually impaired and heavily rely on audio. When recording, speak clearly and concisely. Use a quality microphone that helps minimize background noise, and record in a quiet place without too much echo or outside sound.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-medium\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/11\/pexels-karola-g-5399017-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Person speaking into professional microphone looking at laptop\" class=\"wp-image-201 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/11\/pexels-karola-g-5399017-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/11\/pexels-karola-g-5399017-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/11\/pexels-karola-g-5399017-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/11\/pexels-karola-g-5399017-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/11\/pexels-karola-g-5399017-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 300px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 300\/200;\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Make sure to face the camera directly when speaking. Typically, this will also help ensure a good quality audio recording; however, it is most helpful to those who lip-read or use facial expressions as context for understanding information. Speak naturally and calmly at a moderate pace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Post Production<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Captioning (Text and Timing)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Captions are non-negotiable for users who are Deaf or hard-of-hearing, but they also benefit non-native speakers, those in loud environments, and those watching with the sound off.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Include accurate, synchronized captions for all spoken content and important sounds. Be sure to include a transcript, and offer a full, text version of the video content (including spoken dialogue and descriptions of visuals).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"593\" data-id=\"202\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/11\/Screenshot-2025-11-06-at-11.47.51-AM-1024x593.png\" alt=\"screenshot of video showing closed captions\" class=\"wp-image-202 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/11\/Screenshot-2025-11-06-at-11.47.51-AM-1024x593.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/11\/Screenshot-2025-11-06-at-11.47.51-AM-300x174.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/11\/Screenshot-2025-11-06-at-11.47.51-AM-768x445.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/11\/Screenshot-2025-11-06-at-11.47.51-AM-1536x890.png 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/11\/Screenshot-2025-11-06-at-11.47.51-AM-2048x1186.png 2048w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/593;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"577\" data-id=\"205\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/YouTube-1.png\" alt=\"screenshot of video showing transcript\" class=\"wp-image-205 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/YouTube-1.png 960w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/YouTube-1-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/YouTube-1-768x462.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 960px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 960\/577;\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Visual Clarity (Contrast and Fonts)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ensure any on-screen text, titles, or graphics have sufficient color contrast against the background so they are easily legible for learners with low vision or color blindness. Don&#8217;t rely on color alone to convey meaning (e.g., &#8220;The green button is correct&#8221;). Achieving high contrast pertains to all aspects of the visual side of recording, whether it be your presenter and their background, or how graphics are overlaid on top of said background; you typically want to ensure that a high contrast difference between these elements is visible. (e.g., white text on a black background).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-id=\"206\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/colorcontrast-1024x576-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-206 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/colorcontrast-1024x576-1.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/colorcontrast-1024x576-1-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/colorcontrast-1024x576-1-768x432.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/576;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"626\" data-id=\"207\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/Color-And-Contrast-Visibility-1024x626.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-207 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/Color-And-Contrast-Visibility-1024x626.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/Color-And-Contrast-Visibility-300x183.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/Color-And-Contrast-Visibility-768x469.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/Color-And-Contrast-Visibility-1536x939.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/Color-And-Contrast-Visibility.jpg 1836w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/626;\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Legible and non-curvy fonts are always best, as they are much easier and faster to read and understand than a more \u201ccreative\u201d font will be.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"792\" height=\"476\" data-src=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/11-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-208 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/11-3.jpg 792w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/11-3-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1334\/2025\/12\/11-3-768x462.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 792px) 100vw, 792px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 792px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 792\/476;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Flashing content poses a safety concern. Avoid flashing, strobing, or flickering lights and colors as they can cause seizures, dizziness, or nausea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Taking the Next Steps<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Making video accessible requires intentional planning to ensure your course content reaches everyone. By including accessibility in your production workflow, you&#8217;re encouraging student success and building a truly inclusive learning environment.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Accessibility and inclusive design ensure your content has the ability to be understood by all learners. When planning a course, accessibility should not be an afterthought. The ability to provide inclusive content begins when you start the planning process&nbsp;and should be included at every stage, from writing the script to recording and uploading. Here are [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2316,"featured_media":202,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,5,20,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-accessibility","category-article","category-multimedia","category-video"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2316"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=198"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/202"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":196,"date":"2025-11-05T11:48:04","date_gmt":"2025-11-05T16:48:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/?p=196"},"modified":"2025-11-05T11:48:06","modified_gmt":"2025-11-05T16:48:06","slug":"designing-accessible-gamification-why-it-matters-how-to-start","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2025\/11\/05\/designing-accessible-gamification-why-it-matters-how-to-start\/","title":{"rendered":"Designing Accessible Gamification: Why It Matters &amp; How to Start"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Ever designed a quiz with a countdown timer, or added a color-coded badge system to your course? It probably felt engaging, even fun. But what if those same features became barriers for some students?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gamification is a powerful way to boost learning and motivation. But if it isn&#8217;t designed with accessibility in mind, it can unintentionally exclude students\u2014and not just those with diagnosed disabilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why Accessibility in Gamification Matters<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the National Center for Education Statistics, about 1 in 5 undergraduate students in the U.S. reported having a disability in 2019\u20132020. But accessibility isn\u2019t just about disabilities. It\u2019s about <strong>removing any barriers<\/strong> that prevent learners from fully participating.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Think about a student trying to complete a challenge on a glitchy laptop without a mouse. Or someone navigating a color-coded interface who happens to be color-blind. Or a learner with anxiety struggling to beat the clock in a timed game. If these features block learning rather than support it, we\u2019re missing the point.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Common Pitfalls That Block Learners<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Let\u2019s go beyond the traditional accessibility checklist and look at how gamification design can unintentionally exclude learners:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Color-only cues<\/strong> leave out color-blind users or anyone using a low-contrast screen.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Timed challenges<\/strong> create stress and disadvantage those with processing delays or anxiety.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mouse-only navigation<\/strong> shuts out keyboard or screen reader users.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Audio feedback without captions<\/strong> leaves hearing-impaired users in the dark.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>One-size-fits-all rewards<\/strong> overlook diverse learner strengths.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9 Practical Ways to Design Accessible Gamified Learning<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>The good news? You don\u2019t need to sacrifice fun or creativity to build inclusive gamified content. Here are some starting points:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Start with Barrier Awareness &#8211; <\/strong>Try interacting with your content using only a keyboard. Or with your screen in grayscale. Could you still play the game? Thinking about temporary or situational barriers helps you uncover hidden obstacles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Use Universal Design Principles &#8211; <\/strong>Make navigation simple and consistent. Allow for multiple ways to interact (keyboard, mouse, touch) and avoid relying on color alone.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Blend Personalization with Good Defaults &#8211; <\/strong>Offer adjustable settings like font size, layout, or extra time. Think &#8220;accessible by default&#8221; but flexible for all.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Don&#8217;t Rely on Color Alone &#8211; <\/strong>Add labels or text descriptions alongside color cues. Instead of relying on a red flashing timer, provide a clear, non-flashing text update such as: &#8220;1 minute remaining&#8221; and ensure it is announced via screen reader-friendly methods. Avoid flashing visuals altogether to prevent issues for users with photosensitive conditions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Build in Flexible Timing &#8211; <\/strong>If speed matters, offer multiple tries or tiered scoring. Better yet, let students choose the pace. Time pressure can trigger anxiety or penalize slower processing. Flexible timing promotes fairness and reduces stress.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ensure Keyboard and Screen Reader Access &#8211; <\/strong>Make sure all controls are labeled and navigable by keyboard. Keyboard and screen reader users depend on structured, predictable navigation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Provide Media Alternatives &#8211; <\/strong>Add captions, transcripts, and alt text to all media. This benefits everyone\u2014not just students with sensory disabilities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Design Inclusive Rewards &#8211;<\/strong> Allow students to choose their goals: badges for collaboration, creativity, or perseverance\u2014not just speed. Not all learners thrive in competitive environments. Rewarding diverse strengths builds motivation and equity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Test Early and With Real Users &#8211; <\/strong>Automated tools are helpful, but real feedback is better. Involve students who use assistive technology in your pilot tests. Real users surface barriers that tools miss. Early testing means fewer problems down the road\u2014and more inclusive experiences.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Closing Thought<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Accessible gamification isn\u2019t about making things easier\u2014it\u2019s about making learning possible for more people. When we design with empathy and flexibility, we create spaces where every ALL student can thrive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>References:<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/udlguidelines.cast.org\/\">CAST: Universal Design for Learning Guidelines<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lorgat et al. (2024). <em>A Gamification-Based Tool to Promote Accessible Design<\/em>. Springer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nces.ed.gov\/programs\/coe\/indicator\/cgg\/students-with-disabilities\">NCES: Students with Disabilities<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Stiegler, A. (2023). <em>Accessible Gamification<\/em> [Video]. Stuttgart Media University.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/WCAG21\/\">W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ever designed a quiz with a countdown timer, or added a color-coded badge system to your course? It probably felt engaging, even fun. But what if those same features became barriers for some students? Gamification is a powerful way to boost learning and motivation. But if it isn&#8217;t designed with accessibility in mind, it can [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2112,"featured_media":197,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,5,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-196","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-accessibility","category-article","category-gamification"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/196","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2112"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=196"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/196\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/197"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=196"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=196"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=196"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}},{"id":193,"date":"2025-10-28T09:54:15","date_gmt":"2025-10-28T13:54:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/?p=193"},"modified":"2025-10-28T09:54:16","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T13:54:16","slug":"instructional-illusions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/2025\/10\/28\/instructional-illusions\/","title":{"rendered":"Instructional Illusions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>In classrooms worldwide, we often confuse busyness with learning, novelty with effectiveness, and engagement with deep understanding. In <em>Instructional Illusions<\/em>, Kirschner, Hendrick and Heal (2025) pull back the curtain on ten pervasive but misleading assumptions about teaching and learning\u2014what look like good practices on the surface, but which cognitive science shows are often counterproductive. This post walks through each illusion and suggests ways instructional designers and teachers can sidestep them\u2014so we focus less on what feels good, and more on what actually works.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Engagement Illusion<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The misconception that a busy student or a happy student equates to deep, meaningful learning. Students can be highly engaged and still not be learning, or appear bored while doing the deep, cognitive work required for retention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Counter with:<\/strong> Design activities that require students to <strong>actively process information<\/strong>, not just be busy or entertained. Use retrieval practice, elaboration, and reflection\u2014rather than simply participation. Along with group activity, build in opportunities for individual retrieval practice, like low-stakes quizzes or &#8220;think-pair-share&#8221; exercises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Expertise Illusion<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The trap where expert teachers struggle to teach beginners because their own extensive, automated knowledge (their expertise) makes it hard for them to remember what it&#8217;s like to not know the basics (the Curse of Knowledge).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Counter with:<\/strong> Don&#8217;t just present your subject-matter expertise. <strong>Carefully scaffold content<\/strong> from simple to complex. Break down complex topics into smaller, manageable chunks and provide explicit instruction, lots of examples, and practice for each step before moving on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Student-Centred Illusion<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The student-centred illusion stems from the idea that student-centred learning and teacher-led instruction exist as a false binary (an &#8220;either\/or&#8221; situation), forcing educators to choose one side over the other<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Counter with:<\/strong> Balance student autonomy with <strong>clear guidance<\/strong>. While student-centered learning has value, foundational knowledge often requires direct, explicit instruction. Reserve student-led activities for applying concepts <em>after<\/em> students have a solid grasp of the fundamentals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Transfer Illusion<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The overly optimistic assumption that <strong>skills learned in one context will automatically and easily transfer<\/strong> to completely new, different contexts or domains, ignoring the need for explicit instruction and practice in applying knowledge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Counter with:<\/strong> Design for <strong>transfer<\/strong> by having students practice skills in varied contexts. Don&#8217;t just teach a concept and test it in the same way. Present problems that require students to apply the same core principle to different scenarios to show them how knowledge can be used in the real world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Easy-Wins Illusion<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The seductive idea that learning should be quick, easy, and stress-free for the student. This ignores the robust finding in cognitive science that effortful, challenging practice (desirable difficulties) is what builds strong, lasting memory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Counter with:<\/strong> Embrace <strong>desirable difficulties<\/strong>. Effective learning doesn&#8217;t always feel easy. Incorporate strategies like spaced practice (revisiting topics over time) and interleaved practice (mixing different types of problems) to make learning more challenging in the short term, which leads to better retention long-term.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Motivation Illusion<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The assumption that you must motivate students before they learn, when the reality is that the most powerful motivation comes after a student experiences success and competence (mastery) from effective instruction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Counter with:<\/strong> Focus on <strong>designing for success<\/strong>, not just trying to motivate students directly. Students are most motivated when they feel competent. A well-structured course with clear objectives, manageable tasks, and supportive feedback builds competence, which in turn fosters motivation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Discovery Illusion<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><br><\/strong>The idea that <strong>students learn best when they discover new concepts entirely on their own<\/strong> without any explicit guidance. Research consistently shows that minimal guidance often leads to frustration, inefficiency, and the learning of misconceptions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Counter with:<\/strong> Don&#8217;t force students to &#8220;discover&#8221; <strong>foundational<\/strong> knowledge on their own. Instead, use a <strong>guided discovery<\/strong> approach. Provide enough structure and guidance to prevent frustration while allowing students to construct connections for themselves, which is more effective than unguided, free-form exploration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Uniqueness Illusion<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The notion that every student&#8217;s learning process is fundamentally unique and requires a completely individualized teaching method. While differences exist, the core principles of how the human brain learns are universal and should guide instruction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Counter with:<\/strong> Acknowledge individual differences but <strong>design based on universal principles of learning<\/strong>. While every student is unique, cognitive science offers a strong foundation for how the human brain learns. Design your core curriculum around these principles and then offer a few optional pathways or resources for different learning needs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Performance Illusion<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The false confidence that high performance during a lesson (like answering practice questions immediately after a topic is taught) signals lasting learning. This high short-term performance often fades quickly, and true learning is measured by retention and application much later.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Counter with:<\/strong> Differentiate between <strong>short-term performance and long-term learning<\/strong>. Use a variety of assessments, including cumulative exams that require students to recall information from throughout the course. This encourages them to move beyond short-term memorization and work toward true mastery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Innovation Illusion<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The misplaced belief that new, flashy, or technologically-driven teaching methods are inherently superior to proven, evidence-based methods, simply because they are &#8220;innovative&#8221; or current.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Counter with:<\/strong> Critically evaluate new technologies and pedagogical fads. <strong>Start with the learning goal, not the tool.<\/strong> Only adopt a new method or technology if there is strong evidence that it will demonstrably improve learning outcomes. A simple, well-designed course is always more effective than a &#8220;flashy&#8221; one that lacks a solid instructional foundation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In classrooms worldwide, we often confuse busyness with learning, novelty with effectiveness, and engagement with deep understanding. In Instructional Illusions, Kirschner, Hendrick and Heal (2025) pull back the curtain on ten pervasive but misleading assumptions about teaching and learning\u2014what look like good practices on the surface, but which cognitive science shows are often counterproductive. This [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2110,"featured_media":194,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,10,40,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-193","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-article","category-engagement","category-science-of-teaching-and-learning","category-student-success"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/193","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2110"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=193"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/193\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/194"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=193"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=193"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.vcu.edu\/ledstudio\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=193"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}]